Good self-study assignments lead to more in-depth teaching sessions
Course material in an academic environment is often so extensive and cognitively demanding that students have to autonomously study and practice intensively. Therefore, self-study is an important concept in activated blended learning.
If you would like to go into greater depth during your classes (as with the Flipped Classroom), it's usually important for all students to have finished the self-study assignments before the session. This way, they already understand the facts, concepts and methods at a basic level, so that you can focus on applying this during the class. As a result, you don't have to start with the basic rehearsal of knowledge, and you can offer your students a richer learning experience.
Not all students finish their self-study assignments, but what is behind this behaviour? In the busy lives of students your course is in direct competition with their part-time job, extracurricular activities, social contacts, going out, family visits, social media, and streaming services. Also, students tend to be less motivated when it's unclear what they have to do and what's in it for them. How to improve this? These five tips are a good start!
1: Always introduce the task
As a teacher, always explicitly introduce which self-study activities have to be done before the next class (feed-up) during a lecture or tutorial. It's best not to assume that the students will figure out for themselves what they have to prepare, how to do it and what level is expected of them.
2: Make sure the tasks contribute concretely to the achievement of the learning objectives
For students, the relevancy of the activities must be crystal clear. A student always wonders: 'Why should I do this task?' Therefore, make sure to mention how the task contributes to the achievement of the learning objectives (Want to know more about this? See the tip on constructive alignment). This can be a content-related goal, but also often a process-related goal (for example: the student can independently analyse an academic article).
3: Formulate the assignments actively
Make sure to formulate the self-study assignments actively, making clear what the student has to do and why. Avoid phrases like: 'Read chapter 5'. Always supplement these kinds of assignments with an explanation of what the student is to do with this literature. For example: 'Study chapter 5, so you can answer the following questions/formulate questions/create schematic representations of arguments/apply the knowledge to a case.
Make sure to give a clear and realistic estimated time investment. For example: 'Reading and answering the questions in this chapter will take you about three hours.' If possible, offer the student options. For example, by:
- Content – the student looks for inspiring sources for the topic (like videos, newspaper articles or scientific articles);
- Form – the student chooses a presentation format that best fits the subject;
- Process – the student chooses a X-amount of self-study questions to answer.
4: Give feedback and appreciate effort
Make sure you use the result of the self-study assignment in class. This in itself is a form of feedback and appreciation, and prevents students from disengaging. Moreover, by working with the self-study assignment, you can apply more in-depth activating methods.
A simple way is to ask the students a number of basic questions at the start of the teaching session. You can do this for example with Canvas Quizzes. Or randomly select students and ask them to describe in a few sentences the most important things they learned from the self-study assignments. A more advanced version of this is to apply the knowledge to new and more complex problems or cases.
5: Don't adjust your classes to unprepared students
Finally, it's best not to adapt the classes to students who have not prepared for it. As soon as you do, students will prepare less because they know there will be no consequences.
Digital support
Would you like your students to study texts interactively with questions or comments from fellow students? These digital tools can support your lesson:
- FeedbackFruits (including Interactive document, Interactive Video and Comprehension of Document) and Perusall. Especially when it comes to academic texts that need to be read and understood.
- Share this website with your students with tips on reading academic texts.
- Canvas Assignments or Canvas Quizzes for asking students to answer short questions.
- Books from educational publishers often have learning environments with assignments or questions.
With digital tools like FeedbackFruits and Perusall, you can quickly assess students' effort when they submit assignments or provide comments on prescribed literature or peer work. You can then assign them, for example, 0 or 1 point(s). This can count for a small portion of the final grade (Make sure to check the Education and Examination Regulations).