PhD defense S. Shang

These cookies are used to make our website function properly.

These cookies are used to measure (analyse) website usage based on your behaviour on our websites, such as click behaviour and session duration. This measurement data is used to create statistics that we use to improve the website. Some of this data is shared with Crazy Egg and Google.

These cookies are used to analyse how you use our website. This allows us to customise the content of our website with information that matches your interests.

These cookies are set by Vimeo and YouTube. The cookies enable videos from these external platforms to be visible on vu.nl. Once you play the video, Vimeo and YouTube may collect data about your usage and combine it with any data previously collected about you, such as browser and device data, the page you visit, and your interaction with the video. This data may be used by Vimeo and YouTube for analysis, personalisation and possibly advertising purposes.

These cookies are set by VU Amsterdam and our advertising partners Google, LinkedIn, Meta and Snapchat. These third parties track your browsing behaviour across multiple websites in order to display relevant ads. They may combine this information with other data that you have provided to them, for example if you are logged in to one of their services, or that they have collected through your use of their platforms. These cookies also allow VU Amsterdam to measure whether our campaigns on different channels are effective by seeing how you came to our website.