Information and support are essential for African farmers in adapting to drought risk
From 2020 to 2023, the Horn of Africa experienced the worst drought ever recorded. This drought led to acute food insecurity for 23.5 million people and the death of 13.2 million livestock. Due to climate change, such severe droughts are likely to occur more frequently in various regions around the world. Climate economist Teun Schrieks investigated what adaptation options are available.
Most vulnerable groups
Pastoral (herding) and agropastoral communities are among the most vulnerable groups to the increasing effects of drought. These communities rely on livestock farming and small-scale agriculture and are heavily dependent on rainfall. In the dry regions of Africa, these communities represent a significant portion of the population, with estimates ranging from 50 to 120 million people.
Sufficient adaptation opportunities
Teun Schrieks' research shows that there are sufficient opportunities for herders and small-scale farmers in dry African regions to adapt. However, there are several barriers that could be overcome with targeted policy. Adaptation policy must take into account individual and household-specific factors, such as risk attitudes, the perception of adaptation effectiveness, self-confidence, and financial limitations. Effective policy should aim to increase knowledge and awareness of adaptation measures and prioritise the basic needs of households facing high drought risk. Training and information dissemination are essential, especially for those with less confidence in their ability to adapt.