How did Islamic extremists turn Christian?
Religious institutions consultant Scott Gustafson interviewed 52 former extremists and religious workers in the Middle East and found 7 common themes in their conversion stories. It shows the powerful effects of empathy and kindness, the draw of alternative communities and the mutual transformation that happens in relationship.
In his thesis Gustafson explores a conversion phenomenon in the Middle East of former Islamic extremists to Christianity, that began in 2010 at the outbreak of war and conflict in Syria and Iraq and the advent of the Islamic State. In particular, he aimed to understand this phenomenon in a historical context and through the lenses of deradicalization and missiology.
Common themes
The research demonstrates seven common themes in the stories of deradicalization and conversion of former extremists: 1) precarity 2) supernatural dreams, visions and other occurrences 3) movement opposite prevailing power, challenging the status quo 4) mutual transformation, repentance and willingness to change 6) surprising kindness by Christians towards out-groups as an extremely influential factor and 7) how former extremists are very motivated influences for deradicalization.
Motivations and patterns
Gustafson discovered motivations and patterns in the deradicalization pathways among former Islamic extremists and offers insights that may inform postures towards extremist groups and deradicalization efforts. The research draws out the powerful effects of empathy and kindness towards enemies, the draw of alternative communities living in contrast to their surrounding hostile cultures and the mutual transformation that happens in relationship especially around the table.
It also poses insights for missiology and Christian work in hostile contexts. The research shows the importance of visitation and hospitality as missional practices, holistic programs as ways to value the humanity and dignity of others, and diverse partnerships as playing a key role in enabling mission. Gustafson makes a case that minority Christian communities should be encouraged to carry out their mission even in potentially hostile contexts due to these positive net benefits to society.
More information on the thesis